This new volume explores recent research on advanced technologies and methods in production engineering, emphasizing effective overall process control and enhanced optimization. The authors include real-life case studies on advanced machining methods, traditional manufacturing technologies, advanced composite materials, processing with hybrid manufacturing techniques, various joining processes and their applications, micro-structure analysis, and more.

Covers computational approaches as applied to problems in the air and water pollution domain Delivers generic methods of modeling with spatio-temporal analyses using soft computation and programming paradigms Includes theoretical aspects of environmental processes with their complexity and programmable mathematical approaches Adopts a realistic approach involving formulas, algorithms and techniques to establish mathematical models/computations Provides a pathway for real-time implementation of complex modeling problems formulations including case studies

Geospatial Technologies and Climate Change describes various approaches from different countries on how to use geospatial technologies to help solving climate change issues. It also details how different geospatial technologies (remote sensing, Geographical Information System...) can be used to help with climate monitoring and modeling, how to work with them and what to be careful about. This book is written by scientific experts from four different continents. Written in a comprehensive and complete way, this book is essential reading material for graduate and undergraduate students interested in these techniques and in climate change.

Based on over 40 years of experience in the field, Ramesh Singh goes beyond corrosion control, providing techniques for addressing present and future integrity issues. "Pipeline Integrity Handbook" provides pipeline engineers with the tools to evaluate and inspect pipelines, safeguard the life cycle of their pipeline asset and ensure that they are optimizing delivery and capability. Presented in easy-to-use, step-by-step order, "Pipeline Integrity Handbook" is a quick reference for day-to-day use in identifying key pipeline degradation mechanisms and threats to pipeline integrity. The book begins with an overview of pipeline risk management and engineering assessment, including data collection and regulatory approaches to liquid pipeline risk management. Other critical integrity issues include: Pipeline defects and corrective actionsIntroduction to various essential pipeline material such as line pipes and valvesCoverage on corrosion and corrosion protection
Identifies the key pipeline degradation mechanisms and threats to pipeline integrityAppreciates various corrosion monitoring and control tools and techniquesUnderstands the principles of risk assessment and be able to conduct a simple risk assessmentDevelops simple Pipeline Integrity Management plansSelects and apply appropriate inspection and assessment criteria for pipeline defectsRecommends appropriate repair methods for pipeline defects

Over the years, the interactions between land, ocean, biosphere and atmosphere have increased, mainly due to population growth and anthropogenic activities, which have impacted the climate and weather conditions at local, regional and global scales. Thus, natural hazards related to climate changes have significantly impacted human life and health on different spatio-temporal scales and with socioeconomic bearings. To monitor and analyze natural hazards, satellite data have been widely used in recent years by many developed and developing countries. In an effort to better understand and characterize the various underlying processes influencing natural hazards, and to carry out related impact assessments, Natural Hazards: Earthquakes, Volcanoes, and Landslides, presents a synthesis of what leading scientists and other professionals know about the impacts and the challenges when coping with climate change. Combining reviews of theories and methods with analysis of case studies, the book gives readers research information and analyses on satellite geophysical data, radar imaging and integrated approaches. It focuses also on dust storms, coastal subsidence and remote sensing mapping. Some case studies explore the roles of remote sensing related to landslides and volcanoes. Overall, improved understanding of the processes leading to these hazardous events will help scientists predict their occurrence. Features Provides information on the physics and physical processes of natural hazards, their monitoring and the mapping of damages associated with these hazards Explains how natural hazards are strongly associated with coupling between land-ocean-atmosphere Includes a comprehensive overview of the role of remote sensing in natural hazards worldwide Examines risk assessment in urban areas through numerical modelling and geoinformation technologies Demonstrates how data analysis can be used to aid in prediction and management of natural hazards

The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030 has identified four priority areas for Disaster Risk Reduction: understanding disaster risk; strengthening disaster risk governance to manage disaster risk; investing in disaster risk reduction for resilience and enhancing disaster preparedness for effective response; and to "Build Back Better" in recovery, rehabilitation and reconstruction. Although tremendous progress has been made in recent decades in understanding the workings of the Earth systems and, in particular, its impacts on and responses to human actions, there remains a continuing and pressing need for knowledge that will allow society to simultaneously reduce exposure to global environmental hazards, while also meeting economic development goals. Exploring Natural Hazards: A Case Study Approach, contributes to the knowledge showcasing advanced practices for the monitoring of natural hazards. Through each case study, the book examines mainly hazards arising from processes within the hydrosphere and atmosphere, triggered or exacerbated by inputs to and transfers of energy between environmental components. It discusses the causes of these phenomena, and ways in which improved policy making, sometimes coupled with the application of appropriate modern technologies, can help to reduce people's exposure to harm. Discussing challenges, lessons learned and recommendations, this book provides a snapshot of issues related to tropical cyclones and typhoons, desertification, floods, lightning as a hazard and the need for alert systems. It is a valuable resource for practitioners and professionals alike, for researchers, students and others who work at the intersection between environmental hazards, sustainable development and social justice.

The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030 has identified four priority areas for Disaster Risk Reduction: understanding disaster risk; strengthening disaster risk governance to manage disaster risk; investing in disaster risk reduction for resilience and enhancing disaster preparedness for effective response; and to "Build Back Better" in recovery, rehabilitation and reconstruction. Although tremendous progress has been made in recent decades in understanding the workings of the Earth systems and, in particular, its impacts on and responses to human actions, there remains a continuing and pressing need for knowledge that will allow society to simultaneously reduce exposure to global environmental hazards, while also meeting economic development goals. Exploring Natural Hazards: A Case Study Approach, contributes to the knowledge showcasing advanced practices for the monitoring of natural hazards. Through each case study, the book examines mainly hazards arising from processes within the hydrosphere and atmosphere, triggered or exacerbated by inputs to and transfers of energy between environmental components. It discusses the causes of these phenomena, and ways in which improved policy making, sometimes coupled with the application of appropriate modern technologies, can help to reduce people's exposure to harm. Discussing challenges, lessons learned and recommendations, this book provides a snapshot of issues related to tropical cyclones and typhoons, desertification, floods, lightning as a hazard and the need for alert systems. It is a valuable resource for practitioners and professionals alike, for researchers, students and others who work at the intersection between environmental hazards, sustainable development and social justice.

Over the years, the interactions between land, ocean, biosphere and atmosphere have increased, mainly due to population growth and anthropogenic activities, which have impacted the climate and weather conditions at local, regional and global scales. Thus, natural hazards related to climate changes have significantly impacted human life and health on different spatio-temporal scales and with socioeconomic bearings. To monitor and analyze natural hazards, satellite data have been widely used in recent years by many developed and developing countries. In an effort to better understand and characterize the various underlying processes influencing natural hazards, and to carry out related impact assessments, Natural Hazards: Earthquakes, Volcanoes, and Landslides, presents a synthesis of what leading scientists and other professionals know about the impacts and the challenges when coping with climate change. Combining reviews of theories and methods with analysis of case studies, the book gives readers research information and analyses on satellite geophysical data, radar imaging and integrated approaches. It focuses also on dust storms, coastal subsidence and remote sensing mapping. Some case studies explore the roles of remote sensing related to landslides and volcanoes. Overall, improved understanding of the processes leading to these hazardous events will help scientists predict their occurrence. Features Provides information on the physics and physical processes of natural hazards, their monitoring and the mapping of damages associated with these hazards Explains how natural hazards are strongly associated with coupling between land-ocean-atmosphere Includes a comprehensive overview of the role of remote sensing in natural hazards worldwide Examines risk assessment in urban areas through numerical modelling and geoinformation technologies Demonstrates how data analysis can be used to aid in prediction and management of natural hazards

Pipeline engineers, operators, and plant managers are responsible for the safety of pipelines, facilities, and staying on top of regulatory compliance and maintenance. However, they frequently need reference materials to support their decision, and many new pipeline engineers and plant managers are responsible for major repairs and decisions yet do not have the proper reference to set a holistic integrity plan in place. Pipeline Integrity, Second Edition delivers necessary pipeline inspection methods, identification of hazard mechanisms, risk and consequence evaluations, and repair strategies. Covering relevant standards and processes for risk, assessment, and integrity management, this go-to reference provides the principles that guide these concepts enhanced with more critical regulatory information and easier organization betwen liquid and gas pipelines. More detailed information is provided on asset reliability, including risk-based inspection and other inspection prioritizing tools such as value-driven maintenance and evidence-based asset management. Pipeline Integrity, Second Edition continues to provide engineers and plants managers a vital resource for keeping their pipelines and facilities safe and efficient.

A practical and in-depth guide to materials selection, welding techniques, and procedures, Applied Welding Engineering: Processes, Codes and Standards, provides expert advice for complying with international codes as well as working them into "day to day" design, construction and inspection activities. New content in this edition covers the standards and codes of the Canadian Welding Society, and the DNV standards in addition to updates to existing coverage of the American Welding Society, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, The Welding Institute (UK). The book's four part treatment starts with a clear and rigorous exposition of the science of metallurgy including but not limited to: Alloys, Physical Metallurgy, Structure of Materials, Non-Ferrous Materials, Mechanical Properties and Testing of Metals and Heal Treatment of Steels. This is followed by applications: Welding Metallurgy & Welding Processes, Nondestructive Testing, and Codes and Standards. Case studies are included in the book to provide a bridge between theory and the real world of welding engineering. Other topics addressed include: Mechanical Properties and Testing of Metals, Heat Treatment of Steels, Effect of Heat on Material During Welding, Stresses, Shrinkage and Distortion in Welding, Welding, Corrosion Resistant Alloys-Stainless Steel, Welding Defects and Inspection, Codes, Specifications and Standards.

A variable game changer for those companies operating in hostile, corrosive marine environments, Corrosion Control for Offshore Structures provides critical corrosion control tips and techniques that will prolong structural life while saving millions in cost. In this book, Ramesh Singh explains the ABCs of prolonging structural life of platforms and pipelines while reducing cost and decreasing the risk of failure. Corrosion Control for Offshore Structures places major emphasis on the popular use of cathodic protection (CP) combined with high efficiency coating to prevent subsea corrosion. This reference begins with the fundamental science of corrosion and structures and then moves on to cover more advanced topics such as cathodic protection, coating as corrosion prevention using mill applied coatings, field applications, and the advantages and limitations of some common coating systems. In addition, the author provides expert insight on a number of NACE and DNV standards and recommended practices as well as ISO and Standard and Test Methods. Packed with tables, charts and case studies, Corrosion Control for Offshore Structures is a valuable guide to offshore corrosion control both in terms of its theory and application.

Continuous use of chemical fertilizers resulted reduced soil and water quality. So, use of biofertilizers should be adopted which have multiple beneficial impacts on soil and convenient in use.The production cost of carrier based inoculants is high as it is energy and labour intensive process as mining, drying etc. and have poor shelf life.Liquid inoculants with greater shelf life may provide a solution over these problems. Liquid inoculants are special formulations of viable cells of desired microorganisms in an appropriate nutrient medium with certain protectant chemicals which promote cell survival in formulations during storage and after seed or soil application. Studies were conducted to develop suitable growth media for liquid inoculants of Mesorhizobium sp. and Pseudomonas sp., to examine the Shelf life and effect of nutrient stresses on survival of these organisms under laboratory and field conditions. Survival of Mesorhizobium sp. and Pseudomonas sp. was found maximum in YEM-2 and NB-1 with Optimum levels of C and N. Shelf life of liquid inoculants was found greater than carrier based inoculants. This study is useful for researchers, farmers and biofertilizer industries.

Utilize the most recent developments to combat challenges such as ice mechanics. The perfect companion for engineers wishing to learn state-of-the-art methods or further develop their knowledge of best practice techniques, "Arctic Pipeline Planning" provides a working knowledge of the technology and techniques for laying pipelines in the coldest regions of the world. "Arctic Pipeline Planning" provides must-have elements that can be utilized through all phases of arctic pipeline planning and construction. This includes information on how to: Solve challenges in designing arctic pipelinesProtect pipelines from everyday threats such as ice gouging and permafrostMaintain safety and communication for construction workers while supporting typical codes and standards
Covers such issues as land survey, trenching or above ground, environmental impact of constructionProvides on-site problem-solving techniques utilized through all phases of arctic pipeline planning and constructionIs packed witheasy-to-read and understandable tables and bullet lists"

Applied Welding Engineering: Processes, Codes and Standards, Third Edition, provides expert advice on how to comply with international codes and work them into "day-to-day" design, construction and inspection. This new edition covers advances in automation and robotic welding in advanced manufacturing, the applications of friction stir welding, and standards and codes. The science of metallurgy, including Alloys, Physical Metallurgy, Structure of Materials, Non-Ferrous Materials, Mechanical Properties and Testing of Metals and Heal Treatment of Steels is also considered, as are Welding Metallurgy, Welding Processes, Nondestructive Testing and Codes and Standards. Case studies bridge the gap between theory and the world of welding engineering. Other topics cover Mechanical Properties and Testing of Metals, Heat Treatment of Steels, Effect of Heat on Material During Welding, Stresses, Shrinkage and Distortion in Welding, Welding, Corrosion Resistant Alloys-Stainless Steel, Welding Defects and Inspection, Codes, Specifications and Standards.